Product and process of making reenforced coverings



R. H. GREEN Nov. 6, 1934.

PRODUCT AND PROCESS OF MAKING REENFORCED COVERINGS Filed Aug. 28, 1933 INVENTOR Babe/771 6/660 BY ATTORN EY Patented, Nov. 6, i 1934 UNITED sr rss PATENT OFFICE PRODUCT AND PROCESS or MAKING REENFORCED COVERINGS Robert H. Green, Los Angeles, Calil'., assignor of two-thirds to Max E.

Campbell, Los Angeles,

Calif and Fred E. Griflith, Long Beach, Calif. Application August 28, 1933, Serial No. 687,136

, Claims. (01. 91-68) This inventiom relates to a new article of" 10 water proof, and one which will be resistant to stressand wear. Also this new sheet bituminous covering may be used between the walls, floors and ceilings of buildings to decrease the intensity of sound waves from outside sources or 16 passing from one room to another.

' This application is in part a continuation of my pending application Serial Number 613,578, filed May 25, 1932 for Product and process of making reenforced coverings.

Certain varieties of bituminous coverings, in 'sheet form are well known in the art, such, for example, as woven metallic wire having incorporated with it flexible cement composed of asphaltum, coal tar, sand, and other like comminuted solids. However, much trouble has been experienced with this type of bituminous sheet coverings on account of insufflcientadhesion of the bituminous covering to the wire strands of the wire screen, and the bituminouscoating, becoming soft in warm weather, may flow slowly down the sheet when suspended in a vertical position. Also, this type sheet cannot be used as a flexible cushion between cement blocks because the bituminous coating will not withstand the pressure produced by the weight ofthe block without becoming displaced or squeezed out.'

Now, I have discovered an improved reenforced bituminous covering in sheet form, made by an improved method by which the bitumi- 40 nous covering will not become displaced by the weight of construction material such as cement blocks, or tend to flow or become soft in hot weather.

Briefly stated, this improved bituminous covering in sheet form comprises metal screen, such as woven metallic wire, metal lath, or strips of metal connected in any manner to form a sheet, and which may be reenforced with spaced strips of sheet metal or wire strands of larger diameter than the diameter of the other wires of the screen, coated with sulphate of the metal wire of the screen, or with other metal sulphates, and a mixture of asphaltum or other bituminous material, preferably mixed with a comminuted solid material such as pulverized diatomaceous earth,

' phate, such as the sulphate of any of the above comminuted lime stone, rock dust, or other like comminuted mineral aggregate, the sulphate forming an adhesive medium between the wire strands or metal strips .of the screen and the bitumen or bituminous mixture suficient to prevent the coating from" becoming substantially soft in warm weather, or from being displaced underpressure. p

, The wire strands or metal strips of the screen,

lath or lattice work and anyreenforcement members thereof may be composed of any metal or alloy of metals from which wire or sheet metal strips can be made, such as iron, copper, aluminum, zinc, lead, etc., and which may or may not be reactive to sulphuric acid.

The metal screen, lath or lattice work used in the manufacture of my reenforced bituminous coverings may be coated with metal sulenumerated metals, or mixtures of these metal 76 sulphates, by passing the same through a water solution thereof, or, in case the metalor alloys of metals forming the screen, lath or lattice work are reactive to sulphuric acid, such sulphate coating may be eilected by passingthe same through a sulphuric acid bath and then through a drying oven maintained at elevated temperatures.

An object of the invention is toproduce durafble reenforced bituminous coverings in sheet form which are resistant to pressure in warm weather. I

Another object of the invention is to produce durable reenforced bituminous sheets which are resistant to mineral acids such as sulphuric acid, and which may be used to construct acid proof containers.

Another object of the invention is to produce durable reenforced bituminous sheets which will lessen the intensity of sound waves passing therethrough.

Another object of the invention is to provide a water proof covering for cemented surfaces or other like surfaces-and one which is resistant to wear.

Another object of the invention is to provide a continuous, economical method for. the production of bituminous sheets reenforced with woven metallic strips or wire, and containing an adhe- 105 sive medium of a sulphate between the metallic wire and the bituminous mixture.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the preferred embodiment or example of this invention, which will now be-more fully ex- 110 plained by reference to the accompanying drawing.

Figure 1 is a face view of a sectionof woven wire or wire screen before coating, showing the spaced reenforcement strands.

Figure 2 is a face view of the woven wire screen after processing and coating with the-bituminous mixture.

Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of the woven wire screen after processing and coating with the bituminous mixture.

Figure 4 is a diagrammatical view of the apparatus employed to process and coat the woven wire or wire screen with the bituminous mixture.

Figure 1 represents a section of woven wire, showing spaced reenforeement wire strands a of larger diameter than the other wire strands of the screen, designated by the letter 1).

Figure 2 represents a face sectional view of the woven wire, processedand coated with the bituminous mixture of asphaltum and diatomaceous earth.

Figure 3 represents a cross sectional view of the woven wire, processed and coated with the bituminous mixture, in which cdesignates the coating of asphaltum and diatomaceous earth.

In Figure 4, 5 represents woven wire cloth or screen of the type illustrated in Figure 1, in sheet form, with a spool 6. Spool 6 is mounted and retatable on a shaft held shown, so that the wire cloth or screen may be unrolled from spool 6 at any desirable rate as it is being processed.

Power drivenfriction rollers 9, 13 and 14 propel wire cloth or screen '7 from spool 6 through a substantially concentrated water solution of metallic sulphate or mixtures of metallic sul-.

phates 8, and then through a drying oven 10. Sulphuric acid having a concentration ranging from approximately 30 to 66 B., either alone or containing varying percentages of dissolved metal sulphates, may be used instead of the metal sulphate water solution.

The treating agent is maintained in container 8 at such a level that the wire cloth or screen will be completely submerged as it passes therethrough, such a level being indicated at d. Wire cloth or screen 7 is coated with a film of the treating agent as it passes through bath 8, and forms a coating of metal sulphate as it passes through oven or drier 10. When sulphuric acid is used, a portion of the acid combines with the metal of the wire cloth, forming a coating of metal sulphate as it passes through oven or drier 10.

Oven or drier 10 is provided with a burner 11, which is connected to a source of fuel supply not shown. The regulation of fuel to burner 11 is controlled by valve 12. The temperature maintained in oven 10 ranges preferably from approximately220 to 350 Fr, such temperature depending upon the rate at which the wire cloth or screen is passing therethrough, and is maintained so that the treating agent contained on .the surface of the wires or strips composing the cloth or screen will dry, forminga relatively hard sulphate coating. 7

From oven 10 the sulphate coated wire cloth, propelled by friction power rollers 13, 14 and 22, passes into asphalt bath 21, wherein .the sulphatecoated wire cloth is submerged and coated with hot melted asphalt, preferably containing diatomaceous earth or other,like comminuted solid material in suspension. The melted asphalt, commingled with diatomaceous earth or by a suitable frame, not

other like material, is maintained at such a level in container 21 that the sulphate coated metal cloth will be completely submerged, such level indicated at e.

A mixture of melted asphalt and diatomaceous earth or otherlike material is continuously or intermittently added to asphalt bath 21 from steam jacketed agitator 17 through pipe 20, controlled by valve 19, in quantities sufficient to maintain the level at e. Steam jacketed agitator 17 is provided with a mixer 18, consisting of a plurality of blades attached to a shaft which may be revolved by a power belt attached to pulley 25. The steam jacket of agitator 17 is connected tofa source of steam and a water outlet not shown.

The mixture of asphaltum and/or asphaltum and diatomaceous earth is made by introducing a supply of hot melted asphalt into agitator 17 through pipe 15, controlled by valve 16, after which screened diatomaceous earth, rock dust or other like material, in amounts ranging from 10 to as highas 25 per cent by weight of the asphalt, is introduced into agitator 1'? by means of conveyor 23, which conducts the diatomaceousearth or other like material from a source of supply and discharges the same into hopper 24. Hopper 24 is atta'ched'and empties into agitator 17 at the top.

After the required percentage of diatomaceous earth or other like material has been introduced into the melted asphalt contained in agitator 17,- agitation and .mixing of the same is effected by operation of the mixer paddles 18.

The sulphate coated wire cloth or screen, impregnated. with the hot asphaltum-diatomaceous earth mixture, passes out of asphalt bath 21 through slide gates 26 and then through hot rollers 27, which are adjustable so as to regulate the thickness of the asphalt-diatomaceous earth 115 coating, the surplus asphalt mixture dropping into receiver 28 stationed below hot rollers 27. Hot rollers 27 are maintained at approximately the same temperature as the melted asphalt mixture, which may range from approximately 200 to 450 F., this temperature range depending upon the melting point of the asphalt used for' the mixture, and may be maintained by the application of heat from electrical resistant'coils stationed on the inside of rollers 27.

The asphalt-diatomaceous earth coated wire cloth or screen passes from hot rollers 2'7 between dust nozzles or slots 29, which extend the full width of the coated cloth or screen, and the coated cloth or screen passing therethrough' 130 is dusted or coated with dry pulverized diatomaceous earth or stone dust coming from hopper 31, which is connected to blower 30 by pipe 34,. controlled by valve 33. The coated cloth is also partially cooled by a blast of air from blower 30, which is connected to a source of atmospheric air, and is operated by a power not'shown.

From dust nozzles 29,. the coated wire cloth or screen passes through four sets of adjustable power rollers 32, whereby the coated cloth or screen is further compacted and the thickness regulated to suit the purpose for which it is to be used, which thickness may range from approximately to inchor greater. From power rollers 32 the finished coated wire cloth or reenforced bituminous covering 35, in sheet form, passes onto a platform where it is cut into convenient lengths and thereafter dispensed to the trade.

The bitumen or'asphalt employed to make the 15( bituminous-diatomaceous earth mixture for coating the sulphate coated woven wiremay be monly used to manufacture wireylath or sheet metal of varying mesh and gauge to suit the purpose for which it is to be employed. For example, a suitable woven wire cloth or screen may be 16 mesh and made with 32 gauge iron, copper or other metal wire strands, having 18 gauge iron, copper or other metal wire reenforcements at intervals of 1 inch. v

For test purposes, a reenforced bituminous covering was made by coating an iron wire screen (composed of 32 gauge woven wire, 16 mesh, and reenforced at spaced distances of 1 inch with 18 gauge iron wire) with'air blown asphalt hav-.

ing a ductility of 3 centimeters and a melting point of 165 F., mixed with 25 per cent by weight screened diatomaceous earth, as described in the foregoing specification. Samples of this reenforced bituminous covering, having a thickness of approximately .380 inch, were subjected to heat tests and were found to withstand heat up to 160 F. before sagging, and a temperature up to 190 F. before the bituminous coating became soft enough for any appreciable movement to be noted when suspended in a vertical position.

Other like samples of the. coated wire screen were subjected to compression tests at atmosnous mixture of asphaltum and diatomaceous pheric temperature and were found to withstand pressures up to 10,000-pounds per square inch I before there was any appreciable displacement of the bituminous coating. When the sample was subjected to 14,000 pounds pressure per square inch at atmospheric temperature, a slight displacement or squeezing out of the excess portion of the bituminous coating was observed, but in no case was the bituminous coating separated from the sulphate coated wires of the screensufficiently to show that the adhesive force had been broken by the pressure.

By the addition of 25 per cent by weight diatomaceous earth to the asphalt employed to coat the wire screen, an increase of 35 F. in melting point was obtained, and an increase of 30 to 35 per cent in tensil strength.

While the process herein described is well adapted for carrying out the objects of the present invention, various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the invention includes all such modifications and changes as appear the'scope of the appended claims.

I I claim:

1. A new product of manufacture, comprising, metal screen coated with metal sulphate, and the sulphate coated metal screen coated with a bituminous cement. I

2. A new product of manufacture, comprising, metal screen coated with metal sulphate, and the sulphate coated metal screen coated with a bituminous cement consisting of asphaltum and a comminuted mineral aggregate.

3. A new product of manufacture, comprising, metal screen reenforced with metal strands, coated with metal sulphate, and the sulphate coated 7 screen coatedwith a bituminous cement.

within,

phate, and then coating the sulphate coated metal screen with a bituminous cement.

5,. In the manufacture of reen'forced bitumi nous coverings in sheet form, the improvement which consists in coating metal screen with a metal sulphate, and then coating the sulphate coated screen with a bituminous cement consist ing of asphaltum aggregate. I

6. In the manufacture of reenforced bituminous coverings, the improvement which consists in coating metal lath, reenforced with metal strips, with a metal sulphate, and then coating and a comminuted mineral -the sulphate coated metal lath with a bituminous cement consisting of asphaltum and a comminuted mineral aggregate.

7. A new product of manufacture, comprising, woven metal wire in sheet form, coated with sulphate of the metal, and the sulphate coated woven metal wire coated with a bituminous flexible cement. w

8. A new product of manufacture, comprising, woven metal wire in sheet form, coatedwith sulphate of the metal, and the sulphate coated woven metal wire coated with a bituminous cement consisting of asphaltum and diatomaceous earth. 1

9. A new product of manufacture, comprising, woven metal wire screen having spaced woven strands of metal wire of larger diameter than the other wires of the screen, in sheet form, and coated with sulphate of the metal, and the sulphate coated wire screen coated with a bitumiearth.

10. In the manufacture of reenforced bituminous coverings in sheet form, the improvement which consists in coating woven metal wire screen with sulphate of the metal, and then coating the sulphate coated metal wire screen with a bituminous mixture of asphaltum and diatomaceous earth.

11. In the manufacture of. reenforced bituminous coverings in sheet form, the improvement ,which consists in coating woven metal wire screen, having woven wire strands of metal wire of larger diameter than the other wires of the screen, with sulphate of the metal, and then coating the sulphate coated metal wire screen with a bituminous mixture of asphaltum and diatomaceous earth.

12. In the manufacture of reenforced bituminous coverings insheet form, the improvement which consists in treating woven metal wire phuric acid coated wire screen through a drying oven maintained at a temperature suflicient to cause. the acid to combine with the metal of the wire screen, thereby coating the wires of the soreen with sulphate of the metal, then coating the sulphate coated wire screen with a bituminous mixture of asphalt and diatomaceous earth, and finally compacting and cooling the coated screen. I

14. A new product of manufacture, comprising, woven wire in sheet form, composed of metal reactive to sulphuric acid,coated with sulphate of themetal, and the sulphate coated woven wire coated with a bituminous cement.

15. A new product of manufacture, comprising, woven wire in sheet form, composed of metal reactive to sulphuric acid, coated with sulphate of the metal, and the sulphate coated woven wire coated with a bituminous cement consisting of asphaltum and diatomaceous earth.

16. A new product of manufacture, comprising, woven wire screen having spaced woven'strands of wire of larger diameter than the other wires "of the screen, in sheet form, composed of metal reactive to sulphuric acid, and coated with sulphate of the metal, and the sulphate coated wire screen coated with abituminous mixture of asphaltum and diatomaceous earth.

17. In the manufacture of reenforced bituminous coverings in sheet form, the improvement which consists in coating woven wire screen, composed of metal reactive tojsulphuric acid, with i sulphate of the metal, and then coating the sulphate coated wire screen with a bituminous mixture of asphaltum and diatomaceous earth.

18. In the manufacture of reeniorced bituminous coverings in sheet form, the improvement which consists in coating woven wire screen having woven strands of wire of larger diameter than the other wires of the screen, composed of metal reactive to sulphuric acid, with sulphate of the metal, and then coating the sulphate coated wire screen with a bituminous mixture of asphaltum and diatomaceous earth.

19. In the manufacture of reenforced bitumi- I nous coverings in sheet form, the improvement which consists in treating woven wire screen, composed of metal reactive to sulphuric acid, with sulphuric acid, subjecting the sulphuric acid treated wire screen to a reaction and drying temperature, thereby forming a coating of metal sulphate on the surface of the wires of the screen, and then coating the sulphate coated wire screen with a bituminous mixture of asphaltum and diatomaceous earth.

20. A process of manufacturing reenforced bituminous coverings in sheet form, comprising, passing woven wire screen, composed of metal reactive to sulphuric acid, through a bath of sulphuric acid and coating the wire screen with a film of sulphuric acid, passing the sulphuric acid coated wire screen through a drying oven maintained at a temperature sufficient to cause the acid to combine with the metal of the wire screen, thereby coating the wires of the screen with sulphate of the metal, then coating the sulphate coated wire screen with a bituminous mixture of asphalt and diatomaceous earth, and finally compacting and cooling the coated screen.

ROBERT H. GREEN. 

